Diseño y accesibilidad en PlanTEA-WM: una plataforma con IA para planificar rutinas para personas con TEA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65234/interaccion.128Palabras clave:
Tecnologías asistivas, Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA), Planificación y anticipación, Pictogramas, Inteligencia Artificial, Diseño Centrado en el Usuario, Usabilidad, AccesibiidadResumen
PlanTEA-WM es una plataforma web colaborativa que permite planificar y anticipar rutinas para personas con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) mediante pictogramas. Surge como evolución de la aplicación móvil PlanTEA, superando sus limitaciones de portabilidad y la ausencia de capacidades multiusuario. El sistema soporta dos roles principales: planificador y planificado, lo que permite la gestión compartida de rutinas en contextos familiares, educativos y clínicos. La plataforma integra funcionalidades clave, como un calendario de eventos, importación y exportación de planificaciones, un buscador de pictogramas, así como un traductor de texto-a-pictogramas apoyado por modelos de Inteligencia Artificial (IA) generativa. Desde sus primeras fases, el diseño ha estado guiado por principios de accesibilidad (WCAG 2.2) y pautas de diseño específicas para usuarios con TEA, validadas mediante un proceso iterativo con asociaciones de personas con TEA y familiares, y personal experto. Estas decisiones han garantizado la literalidad, la reducción de la carga cognitiva y la flexibilidad en los modos de visualización e interacción soportados. Los resultados obtenidos han dado lugar a un sistema robusto y usable, que facilita la anticipación y la colaboración entre diferentes agentes implicados en su uso (personas con TEA, cuidadores y familiares). Como trabajo futuro, se plantea la incorporación de mecanismos de gestión de imprevistos, una IA más adaptativa y su generalización a otros colectivos de usuarios con necesidades de anticipación, planificación y apoyo visual estructurado.
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Derechos de autor 2025 José Lara Navarro, Ana Isabel Molina Díaz, Carmen Lacave Rodero
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
